Escrima refers to a class of Filipino martial arts that emphasize weapon-based fighting with the stick, staff or knife. Alternative terms which have entered into common usage include kali and Arnis. Escrima and Arnis are the most common among the many names often used in the Philippines today to refer to these arts.

The teaching of the basic skills in Escrima are traditionally simplified. With limited time to teach intricate moves, only techniques that were proven effective in battle and could easily be taught en masse were used. This allowed villagers, generally not professional soldiers, a measure of protection against other villages, as well as foreign invaders. This philosophy of simplicity is still used today and is the underlying base of Escrima. Because of this approach, Escrima and the Filipino martial arts in general are often mistakenly considered to be "simple". However, this refers only to its systematization, not effectiveness. To the contrary, beyond the basic skills lies a very complex structure and a refined skill set that takes years to master.